Animal World

Sponges, Coelenterates, and Worms

How does a nematocyst work?

A nematocyst is a specialized organelle found in all cnidarians. Each nematocyst features a coiled, threadlike tube lined with a series of barbed spines. The nematocyst is used to capture prey and may also be used for defense purposes. When it is triggered to discharge, the extremely high osmotic pressure within the nematocyst (140 atmospheres) causes water to rush into the capsule, increasing the hydrostatic pressure and expelling the thread with great force. The barb instantly penetrates the prey, stinging it with a highly toxic protein.



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